HOW DOES THE INFECTION OCCUR

The science that studies the sources of infection, the mechanism and ways of transmission of infection, as well as ways to prevent infectious diseases, is called epidemiology. Knowing about the source of infection, the way of its transmission, the duration of the latent (incubation) period, it is necessary to obtain important information for making a…

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CAUSES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE

The cause of infectious diseases is the pathogen (microorganism). It forms a complex biological interaction with the body, which eventually leads to an infectious process, and subsequently to an infectious disease. Usually, each infectious disease has its own pathogen. However, there are exceptions when one disease may have several pathogens, for example, sepsis. Or, on…

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ANTIBIOTICS APPROVED FOR USE DURING PREGNANCY

There are no contraindications for penicillin and cephalosporin. Penicillins act against strains of Gram-positive streptococci, staphylococci, enterococci and meningococci. Ampicillin and amoxicillin, in addition, have an effect against gram-negative bacteria. Cephalosporins are also effective against Gram-positive cocci and are more effective than penicillin against Gram-negative pathogens. Both groups of antibiotics can be administered throughout pregnancy.…

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INTERACTION OF PENICILLINS WITH OTHER DRUGS

Penicillins should never be mixed in the same syringe with aminoglycosides because of their physical and chemical incompatibility. When ampicillin is combined with allopurinol, the risk of ampicillin rash increases dramatically. The administration of high doses of benzylpenicillin in combination with potassium preparations determines an increased risk of hyperkalemia. Extreme caution should be exercised when…

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What HAPPENS to antibiotics AFTER THEY ENTER the body?

Benzylpenicillin, carboxypenicillins and ureidopenicillins largely lose their properties when taken orally under the action of hydrochloric acid of gastric juice, for this reason they are administered only intramuscularly. Phenoxymethylpenicillin, oxacillin and aminopenicillins are more stable in an acidic environment, and therefore can be administered orally. A very high degree of absorption in the gastrointestinal tract…

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